姜云芳,张可人,伍红艳,张明亮,禄晓龙,曹利雅,周春芳
JIANG Yunfang,ZHANG Keren,WU Hongyan,ZHANG Mingliang,LU Xiaolong,CAO Liya,ZHOU Chunfang

• 1:贵州医科大学环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室医药卫生管理学院贵州省卫生发展研究院
• 2:贵州大学公共管理学院

摘要(Abstract)：

目的:研究贵阳市居民环境建设的主观评价及与人群生命质量的关系。方法:采用方便抽样方式选取801名贵阳市居民,使用自行设计的问卷调查表收集受访者,对居民生活、健康状况及对城市建设的满意度,分析受访者对环境建设的主观评价与居民生命质量的关系;采用李克特五级量表评价法分析居民对贵阳市城市建设的满意度,用五维健康量表(EQ-5D-5L)测量受访者的生命质量,视觉模拟标尺评分(VAS)考察居民的自评健康状况,多元回归分析探讨环境建设对生命质量的影响。结果:受访者对贵阳市城市建设满意度最高的3项依次是空气质量、绿地面积及生活用水,EQ-5D-5L均值为(093±012)分,健康自评VAS评分中位数及四分位间距分别为80分;担心空气和水质量对健康造成影响、对社交生活及社会安全与保障的关注会显著影响受访者的生命质量(P<005);在对各项环境建设满意度中,公厕建设数量及质量、绿地面积、生活垃圾处理质量及交通状况也对受访者的生命质量有较大程度的影响(P<005)。结论:贵阳市居民主观生命质量评价较高,居民对空气质量、公共厕所质量及数量、绿地面积、生活用水质量及交通状况的主观评价影响居民的生命质量。
Objective: To study on the relationship between environment construction and people's life quality in Guiyang.Methods: Convenient sampling method and self-designed questionnaires were adopted to collect the basic information of 801 Guiyang residents, including their life, health status and satisfaction with urban construction., and to analyze the relationship between the subjective evaluation of environmental construction and the quality of life of Guiyang residents. Like it, the level scale was used to analyze residents' satisfaction with urban construction, European five dimensional health scale(EQ-5 D-5 L) to measure the quality of life of residents, visual analogue scale to investigate the selfrated health status of residents, and multiple regression analysis to explore the impact of environmental construction on the quality of life.Results: The three most satisfied subjects were air quality, green area and domestic water. The average EQ-5 D-5 L of Guiyang residents was(0. 93 ± 0. 12). The median and interquartile intervals of visual analogue scale(VAS) respectively were 80(IQR: 70 ～85). Concerns about the health effects of air and water quality and concerns about social life and social safety and security significantly affected the quality of life of respondents(P< 0. 05); Among the satisfaction of various environmental construction, the quantity and quality of public toilet construction,the green area, the quality of domestic waste disposal and the traffic condition also had a large impact on the quality of life of the respondents(P< 0. 05).Conclusion: The subjective life quality evaluation of residents in Guiyang is high, and the subjective evaluation of air quality, public toilet quality and quantity, green area, domestic water quality and traffic condition affect the life quality of residents.

关键词(KeyWords)： 环境卫生;城市;环境建设;生命质量;主观评价
environmental healthy;cities;environmental construction;quality of life;subjective evaluation

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 贵阳市健康城市建设理论研究及业务培训项目[GYZXYG-2017-12-635-GY-G公（C99）];; 国家自然科学基金项目(71463007)

作者(Author): 姜云芳,张可人,伍红艳,张明亮,禄晓龙,曹利雅,周春芳
JIANG Yunfang,ZHANG Keren,WU Hongyan,ZHANG Mingliang,LU Xiaolong,CAO Liya,ZHOU Chunfang

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2020.02.012

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