廖良鸿,余漪漪,孙慧
LIAO Lianghong,YU Yiyi,SUN Hui

• 1:贵州医科大学附属医院儿童重症室
• 2:贵州医科大学临床医学院
• 3:贵州医科大学附属医院儿童呼吸科

摘要(Abstract)：

目的 探讨463例儿童重症监护室(PICU)意外伤害患儿的病因及临床特点。方法 选取贵阳市某三甲医院PICU收治的意外伤害患儿463例为研究对象，根据国际疾病分类法(ICD-10)将所有患儿意外伤害病因分为跌落、交通事故、中毒、误吸、火灾及烧伤、烫伤、外伤、溺水、动物咬伤及腐蚀伤共10类，收集患儿的一般资料(年龄、性别、家庭住址及发病时间)、临床资料(治疗方式、是否接受机械通气、小儿危重病例评分、住院时间及住院费用)及预后情况(治愈、好转、自行出院及死亡，其中治愈、好转视为预后良好，自行出院、死亡视为预后不良),采用单因素方差分析和χ~2检验分析患儿的病因和临床特点。结果 PICU意外伤害患儿中以男性、婴幼儿、农村儿童多见，但仅年龄差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在各类型意外伤害中，交通事故、跌落伤患儿的发病率、死亡率、住院日及治疗费用均居于前列；各类意外伤害在儿童危重病例评分、呼吸机使用及住院负担上的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PICU意外伤害患儿中男性、婴幼儿期、农村患儿居多，跌落伤、交通事故在发病率、死亡率及疾病负担中居于前列，儿童危重病例评分可为预后提供评价依据。
Objective To explore the etiology and clinical characteristics of 463 children with accidental injuries in pediatric intensive care unit(PICU). Methods A total of 463 children with accidental injuries admitted to PICU at a tertiary hospital in Guiyang City were selected as research subjects. According to the International Classification of Diseases codes, the tenth revision(ICD-10), the causes of accidental injuries in the children were classified into 10 categories: falls, traffic accidents, poisoning, aspiration, fires and burns, scald, trauma, drowning, animal bites, and corrosion. The following items of the children were collected, including general information(age, gender, home address and time of onset),clinical data(treatment methods, whether mechanical ventilation was received, pediatric critical illness score(PCIS), length of hospital stay, and hospitalization expense) and prognosis(cure and improvement being considered as good prognosis, while self-discharge without medical permission and death being considered as poor prognosis). One-way ANOVA and χ~2 test were performed to analyze the etiology and clinical characteristics of the children. Results Males, infants and rural children were common among the children with accidental injuries at PICU. There was statistically significant difference in age(P<0.05). Among all types of accidental injuries, incidence rate, mortality, length of stay and treatment costs of traffic accidents and falls were in the first rank. There were statistically significant differences in PCIS, ventilator use and hospitalization burden among various types of accidental injuries(P<0.05). Conclusion Among the children with accidental injuries at PICU, males, infants and rural children are at high risk of accidental injuries. The incidence rate, mortality and disease burden of falls and traffic accidents are in the first rank. PCIS may provide evaluation basis for prognosis.

关键词(KeyWords)： 儿童;意外伤害;病因;临床特点;重症监护室;预防
child;accidental injury;etiology;clinical characteristics;intensive care unit;prevention

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般347)

作者(Author): 廖良鸿,余漪漪,孙慧
LIAO Lianghong,YU Yiyi,SUN Hui

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.2096-8388.2024.03.019

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