谢春,张红英,关先兰,张华,韦继芳,程豪
XIE Chun1,ZHANG Hongying2,GUAN Xianlan1,ZHANG Hua1,WEI Jifang2,CHENG Hao2 (1.Department of Environmental Health

• 1:贵阳医学院公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室
• 2:贵阳市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科
• 3:贵阳医学院
• 4:四川省宜宾市兴文县疾病预防控制中心疾控科

摘要(Abstract)：

目的:探讨汽车尾气对室外空气质量的影响,为相关部门制定相应措施提供参考。方法:选择贵阳市不同车流量的交通路口A和B作为交通污染点,校园内C点为清洁对照点,采用电子直读式检测仪在3个时间点对3个监测点的NO2、NO、CO浓度进行监测,结果评价均参照《环境空气质量标准》(GB3095-1996)。结果:A、B监测点的NO2超标率均为100%,平均超标倍数分别为1.90和1.58,与C监测点比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);CO超标率为0,未检出NO;C监测点检出2次NO2,均未超标,未检出NO和CO;各采样点的NO2与CO浓度呈正相关(r=0.819,P<0.01)。结论:贵阳市道路汽车尾气中NO2超标,应引起重视。
Objective: To study the effect of automobile exhaust on air quality in Guiyang,and so as to provide reference evidence for relevant department to establish corresponding measures.Methods: Two different traffic intersections A and B with different vehicle flows were selected as traffic pollution observation areas,and area C on the campus with almost no vehicle passing by was selected as clean control.Direct-Reading Electron Pocket detectors were used to monitor NO_2,NO and CO concentrations during three different periods(7∶30~8∶30 in the morning,12∶00~13∶00 at noon,17∶00~18∶00 in the afternoon) for four days.The results were evaluated according to 《Ambient Air Quality Standard》(GB3095-1996).Results: Over standard rates of NO_2 in both A and B areas were 100% and their average exceeding times were 1.90 and 1.58 respectively.Over standard rates of CO were 0 and NO was not detectable in area A and B.In area C,NO_2 was detected twice in the 12 tests and didn't exceed the standard,and NO and CO weren't detected.Concentrations of NO_2 and CO in both areas A and B tested in every time point were higher than those in area C(P<0.05).NO_2 levels were positively correlated with CO levels in different periods in all monitoring sites(r=0.819,P<0.01).Conclusion: NO_2 is the main component in over standard automobile exhaust and exceeds the standard during all periods in areas A and B.

关键词(KeyWords)： 空气污染;汽车尾气;二氧化氮;一氧化氮;一氧化碳
air pollution;automobile exhaust;nitrogen dioxide;nitric oxide;carbon monoxide

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 谢春,张红英,关先兰,张华,韦继芳,程豪
XIE Chun1,ZHANG Hongying2,GUAN Xianlan1,ZHANG Hua1,WEI Jifang2,CHENG Hao2 (1.Department of Environmental Health

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2011.06.011

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