王士然,杨光红,张爱华,郝顺泮,于春
WANG Shiran,YANG Guanghong,ZHANG Aihua,HAO Shunpan,YU Chun

• 1:贵阳医学院公共卫生学院

摘要(Abstract)：

目的:了解G市某地水源水和管网末梢水的水质现状,为饮用水卫生学评价及水源保护提供参考。方法:采集G市某地水源水和管网末梢水水样,根据《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T5750-2006),采用化学法、微生物学方法及电感耦合等离子体质谱法对水质常规项目进行检测,利用固相萃取及气相色谱-质谱法检测水样中的有机物,比较水源水和末梢水水样的合格率。结果:水源水和末梢水各检测118个水样,合格率分别为75.42%和83.90%,水源水的合格率较末梢水降低,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);水样的pH值、总硬度、硝酸盐、菌落总数、总大肠菌群、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷的检测结果均未超过《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)的限值,水源水中不合格的检测项目有色度、混浊度、耗氧量、硒、铅,末梢水中不合格的检测项目有耗氧量、硒、铅;水源水水样中检出10种有机物,末梢水水样中检出12种有机物,水源水水样中邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)及邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)的最高值分别为0.019 6 mg/L和0.0048 mg/L,末梢水中DEHP及DBP的最高值分别为0.018 4 mg/L和0.004 2 mg/L,均超过《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)中的限值要求,其余有机物检测值均低于卫生标准或检出限。结论:该地饮用水的硒、铅及有机物污染亟待改善。
Objective: To detect the quality of source water and tap water from a district of G city,to provide the evidences for water safety evaluation and water source protection. Methods: The source water and tap water from the district were collected. According to the " Standard detection methods for drinking water"( GB / T5750- 2006),the water quality was detected with the methods of chemical method,microbiological method,inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,and organic compounds in the water were examined with solid phase exaction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The qualified rates of source water and pipeline water were compared. Results: A total of 118 source water samples and 118 tap water samples were detected. The qualified rates of them were 75. 42% and 83. 90% respectively. There was no statistically significant difference( P > 0. 05). The pH value,total hardness,nitrate,total bacteria,total coliforms,manganese,iron,copper,zinc,and arsenic were under the limit value of the standard. The unqualified indicators of source water were chroma,turbidity,oxygen consumption,selenium and lead. For the tap water,the unqualified indicators were oxygen consumption,selenium and lead. 10 organic pollutants were found in the source water,and 12 organic pollutants were found in the tap water. The highest values of di( 2-ethylhexyl) phthalate( DEHP) and dibutyl phthalate( DBP) in source water( 0. 019 6 mg / L and 0. 004 8 mg / L respectively) and tap water( 0. 018 4 mg / L and 0. 004 2 mg / L,respectively) were above the limited value of the standard,the levels of other organic pollutants were under the limit value. Conclusions: The drinking water of this district is polluted by lead,selenium and organic pollutants and need to improve.

关键词(KeyWords)： 水污染物;水微生物学;水源水;管网末梢水;水质;有机污染物
water pollution;water microbiology;source water;tap water;water quality;organic pollutants

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 贵州省科技厅资助项目[黔科合J字(2012)2041号];; 贵州省教育厅资助项目(黔教科2010035);; 贵阳市科学技术计划项目,[2008]筑科农合同字第14号,筑科合同[2013103]19号

作者(Author): 王士然,杨光红,张爱华,郝顺泮,于春
WANG Shiran,YANG Guanghong,ZHANG Aihua,HAO Shunpan,YU Chun

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2014.02.014

参考文献(References)：

• [1]吴岩军.2010年衡水市生活饮用水卫生现状调查及监管对策[J].职业与健康,2011(13):1528-1529.
• [2]庞磊,庞增辁.红枫湖、百花湖水体污染事件调查[J].环保科技,2007(3):44-48.
• [3]黄楠楠.吉林市2009年-2011年生活饮用水卫生监测[D].吉林:吉林大学硕士学位论文,2012.
• [4]德勇,孙东芳.石嘴山市大武口区市政供水水质卫生现状调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2011(1):78.
• [5]葛飞,舒海民.饮用水中氯化消毒副产物的研究进展[J].净水技术,2006(1):34-38.
• [6]王广珠,牛作霞.微量元素硒的毒性研究进展[J].西北药学杂志,2010(3):237-238.
• [7]向红,吕锡武.饮用水中卤乙酸致癌性的研究进展[J].安全与环境工程,2008(1):17-21.
• [8]谢春,张华,韦艳,等.贵阳市二次供水水质调查[J].贵阳医学院学报,2006(6):533-535.
• [9]季宇彬,杨文,于蕾.邻苯二甲酸醋类化学物研究进展[C]//中国环境科学学会2009年学术年会论文集.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2009:1072-1077.
• [10]杨光红,王士然,张爱华,等.G市某区管网末梢水中有机提取物对雄性大鼠生殖激素分泌水平的影响[J].环境与职业医学,2013(5):342-345.
• [11]徐文零,杨光红,王士然,等.G市某区管网末梢水有机污染物对大鼠精子形态的影响[J].贵阳医学院学报,2013(2):134-137.

文章评论(Comment)：