扈丽,王正蓉,喻茂娟
HU Li,WANG Zhengrong,YU Maojuan

• 1:贵州医科大学流行病学教研室
• 2:贵州医科大学环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室
• 3:贵州医科大学
• 4:贵州医科大学医学检验学院

摘要(Abstract)：

目的:观察母鼠燃煤型氟中毒对仔代鼠生长及神经行为发育的影响。方法:断乳两周的清洁级SD大鼠(48只雌鼠32只,雄鼠16),按体质量将雌鼠随机分为对照组、低氟组、中氟组、高氟组4组,其中高、中、低氟组饲料含氟量分别106.0、47.8和24.4 mg/kg;染氟组雌鼠以燃煤型氟中毒重病区原煤烘烤的当地玉米为主要成分的加工饲料连续饲喂3个月,对照组和雄鼠喂饲正常饲料,3个月后按雌雄2∶1合笼交配,妊娠后继续染毒直至仔鼠断乳;于出生后多个时间点观察各组仔鼠体重、头体长和尾长、张耳、长毛、上下门齿及睁眼发育指标达标时间,观察平面翻正及悬崖回避的神经行为的发生时间。结果:与对照组和低氟组比较,高氟组仔鼠出生后第21天(PND21)体重降低(P<0.05),且PND21和PND26仔鼠头体长较短(P<0.05);与对照组比较,高氟组PND21和PND26仔鼠尾长较短(P<0.05);与低氟组相比,高氟组PND26仔鼠尾长较短(P<0.05);与对照组相比,各染氟组仔鼠张耳、全身白毛、上下门齿萌出和睁眼等生理发育指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与对照组相比,高氟组仔鼠出现平面翻正反射时间明显延迟(P<0.05),各染氟组完成悬崖回避的时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:母鼠染氟可影响仔鼠的生长发育,且对其神经行为反射功能有一定的损害。
Objective: To observe the effects of coal-burning fluorosis on growth and neurobehavioral development of offspring in pregnant rats. Methods: Forty-eight SD rats( 32 females and 16 males)weaned for two weeks were randomly divided into groups of control( C),low-fluorine( L),medium-fluorine( M) and high-fluorine( H) according to body weight. There were 8 female rats in each group.All female rats in fluorine-exposed groups were fed with local corn roasted by raw coal of the coal-burning endemic fluorosis area for 3 months. The fluoride contents in food for females of groups H,M,and L were 106. 0 mg/kg,47. 8 mg/kg and 24. 4 mg/kg,respectively; All of male rats,and female rats in group C were fed with normal diet. After 3 months,females and males were put in same cage at a ratio of 2∶ 1,and mated. Fluoride feed was continued after female pregnancy until offsprings were weaned;Body weight,head-body length and tail length,auricle separation,hair growth,growth of upper and lower incisors and eye opening of each group 's pup rats were observed at different time points after birth. The neurobehavior such as planar righting reflex and cliff avoidance reflex were observed too.Results: On the 21 stpostnatal day( PND21),The offsprings' body weight of group H was lower than those of groups C and L( P < 0. 05),and the offsprings ' head-body lengths on days of PND21 and PND26 in group H were shorter than those of groups C and L( P < 0. 05). The pup rats' tail lengths of group H on PND21 and PND26 were shorter than those of group C( P < 0. 05). The tail length of offspring in group H on PND26 was shorter than that of group L( P < 0. 05). Compared with those of group C,there was no statistical difference in physiological development indexes including auricle separation,hair growth,growth of upper and lower incisors and eye opening of pup rats in fluoride groups( P > 0. 05). The time completing the planar righting reflex of pup rats in group H was significantly longer than those in groups C and L( P < 0. 05). Compared with the control,there was no statistical difference in the time completing the cliff avoidance reflex in each fluorine group( P > 0. 05).Conclusions: The fluorine exposure of female rat could influence the growth and development of its offsprings. The effect could damage the nervebehavior reflex function of pups.

关键词(KeyWords)： 大鼠,Sprague-Dawley;雌鼠;仔鼠;氟中毒,燃煤型;生长发育;神经发育
rats,Sprague-Dawley;female mouse;offspring;coal-burning fluoride poisoning;growth;neurobehavioral development

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 贵州省科技计划项目[黔科合LH字(2014)7127号]

作者(Author): 扈丽,王正蓉,喻茂娟
HU Li,WANG Zhengrong,YU Maojuan

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2018.07.004

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