喻茂娟,黄德远,夏贵喜
YU Mao juan 1; HUANG De yuan 2; XIA Gui xi 3 (1.Department of Preventive Medical;

• 1:贵阳医学院预防医学系
• 2:贵阳市第一人民医院外科
• 3:贵阳医学院附院医院感染科 贵州贵阳550004
• 4:贵州贵阳550001

摘要(Abstract)：

目的 :进一步观察某教学医院医院感染 (NosocomialinfectionNI)情况 ,以调整该医院NI防治对策及措施。方法 :对该教学医院的 840例住院病人进行了NI的现况调查及病例 对照研究。结果 :NI总感染率为 8.2 %。NI高危人群是年龄小于 10岁和年龄大于及等于 6 0岁的患者 ;NI高发科室是综合科 ;好发部位为下呼吸道 ;NI病原菌主要为革兰阴性杆菌。药敏试验显示 :NI病原体对抗生素普遍耐药 ,耐药率为 5 0 %～ 10 0 %。另外 ,NI病人的平均住院天数明显高于非感染病人的平均住院天数 (P <0 .0 1)。NI危险因素主要为住院时间长(≥ 4周 )、抗生素应用二联以上、细胞毒药物及免疫抑制剂 (激素 )大量使用。结论 :该医院NI率、NI分布、NI病原学及NI危险因素与国内外报道的相似
Objective:To adjust a preventive stratege and measure of nosocomial infection (NI).Methods: A cross sectional study for the situation of NI and a case control study for risk factors of NI in a teaching hospital was carried out in Guiyang city in April,2000.Results: Total infection rate of NI was 8.2%.Higher risk population of NI were the patient age of more than 60 years or less than 10 years.Higher infectional department of NI was cadiac department.Higher infectional location of NI was lower respiratory tract.Main microorganism organism of NI was gram negative rod.Drug sensitive tests:the microorganism of NI was resistant to many antibiotics and the medicine resisting rate was 50%-100%.The average days in hospital for NI were more than no-NI (P<0 01) .So the cost for the patient of NI in hospital increased.Duration of hospitalizion (≥4 week), using more than two kinds antibiotics using immunosuppressor and cytotoxic medicines were main risk factors for NI.Conclusion: Total infection rate,the distribution,the microorganism and the risk factors of NI in the teaching hospital are as same as the result at home and abroad.

关键词(KeyWords)： 危险因素;呼吸道感染;医院感染
risk factors ; respiratory tract infections; nosocomial infection

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Authors): 喻茂娟,黄德远,夏贵喜
YU Mao juan 1; HUANG De yuan 2; XIA Gui xi 3 (1.Department of Preventive Medical;

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2001.05.008

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