沈锋,赵鸣武,贺蓓,裴菲,姚婉贞
SHEN Feng~1,ZHAO Ming-wu~2,HE Bei~2,PEI Fei~3,YAO Wan-zhen~2(1.Department of Intensive Care Unit

• 1:贵阳医学院附院重症监护室
• 2:北京大学第三医院呼吸科
• 3:北京大学第三医院呼吸科
• 4:北京大学医学部病理科

摘要(Abstract)：

目的:观察不同时间被动吸烟大鼠肺功能及气道肺组织病理变化规律,为慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)动物模型制作提供参考资料。方法:将SD雄性大鼠随机分为被动吸烟4周(8只)、6周(8只)、10周(8只)及对照(12只)组,测定各组肺功能、观察气道肺组织病理变化并评分。结果:6周组及10周组大鼠呼气峰流速(PEF)显著降低、气道内压上升坡度(Ipslope)显著增高,与对照组比较P<0.01。以PEF值小于对照组大鼠80%PEF值为存在气流受限的界线,则4周组、6周组、10周组出现气流受限的鼠分别为0只(0)、5只(62.5%)及8只(100%),10周组及6周组大鼠气流受限发生率显著高于4周组(P<0.01)。10周组大鼠均出现明显气道壁增厚、气道狭窄及显著肺气肿改变,其气道壁炎细胞浸润、杯状细胞化生、气道壁坏死糜烂、纤维结缔组织及平滑肌增生等评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),气道坏死糜烂、小气道阻塞发生率及气道平滑肌增生等指标还显著高于6周组(P=0.033,P=0.004,P<0.001)。6周组大鼠5只出现气道狭窄及肺气肿改变,气道壁炎细胞浸润、杯状细胞化生、气道壁坏死糜烂、纤维结缔组织及平滑肌增生等评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。6周组及10周组大鼠PEF值与气道壁纤维组织和平滑肌增生呈显著负相关(P<0.05);而4周组大鼠均无典型肺气肿及气道狭窄。结论:COPD的形成与吸烟量及吸烟时间有关,在一定吸烟量条件下,时间越长,气道和肺组织病变越重,气流受限的发生率越高。
Objective: To observe lung function changes and pathological changes of airway lung tissues in rats with different passive-smoking durations,and,so as to obtain some useful information about establishment of animal models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods: 36 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: passive-smoking for 4 weeks(group 4w),6 weeks(group 6w),and 10 weeks(group 10w) and group that did not receive passive-smoking(control group,group CT).Lung function and pathological changes of airway-pulmonary tissues in all rats were measured.Results: Peak expiratory flow (PEF) and intra-airway pressure slope(Ip slope) were significantly higher in group 6w and group 10w than in group CT(P<0.01 or P<0.05).The rates of airflow-limitation were higher in group 10w(100%) and group 6w(62.5%) than in group 4w(0)(all P<0.01).Phenomena of airway-tissue thickening,airway narrowness,emphysema,airway wall infiltration of inflammatory cells,caliciform cell metaplasia,airway-wall necrosis,and hyperplasy of fibrous connective tissue and smooth muscle were more obvious in group 10w than in group CT(P<0.01 or P<0.05).In group 6w,5 of 8 rats had emphysematous characteristics and airway stenosis.And the degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration,caliciform cell metaplasia,airway-wall necrosis,hyperplasy of fibrous connective tissue and smooth muscle in this group were also higher than those in group CT(P<0.01 or P<0.05).PEF were passively correlated with hyperplasy of fibrous connective tissue and smooth muscle respectively in group 6w and group 10w.However,rats in group 4w hadn't any emphysematous changes or airway stenosis.Conclusions: The formation of COPD model is associated with the amount of cigarette smoking and the length of smoking time.Within certain range,the longer the smoking time is,the more obvious the pathological changes of airway-pulmonary tissues are,and the higher the rate of airflow limitation is as well.

关键词(KeyWords)： 吸烟;肺;气管;支气管;呼吸功能试验;病理状态,解剖学
smoking;lung;trachea;bronchi;respirator insufficiency;pathological conditions,anatomical

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 沈锋,赵鸣武,贺蓓,裴菲,姚婉贞
SHEN Feng~1,ZHAO Ming-wu~2,HE Bei~2,PEI Fei~3,YAO Wan-zhen~2(1.Department of Intensive Care Unit

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2006.03.016

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