喻艳琴,张秀秀,田薇,李鸣,李福成,张婷,官志忠,何燕,吴昌学
YU Yanqin,ZHANG Xiuxiu,TIAN Wei,LI Ming,LI Fucheng,ZHANG Ting,GUAN Zhizhong,HE Yan,WU Changxue

• 1:贵州医科大学地方病与少数民族疾病教育部重点实验室
• 2:贵州医科大学贵州省医学分子生物学重点实验室
• 3:贵州医科大学
• 4:六盘水市疾病预防控制中心

摘要(Abstract)：

目的:了解和评价贵州省西部燃煤型地氟病区8～14岁农村小学生营养不良状况及氟斑牙发生情况及关系。方法:采用分层随机抽样方式,以贵州省西部燃煤型地氟病区毕节、水城、六枝的8～14岁农村小学学生481人为调查对象,按照学生健康检查技术规范GB/T 26343规定的器材和方法进行身高、体质量测量,采用《学龄儿童青少年营养不良筛查标准》(WS/T-456-2014)评价小学生营养不良状况,按照Dean氏分类法对小学生氟斑牙程度进行分类。结果:男学生营养不良总检出率高于女学生(P<0.05),11.0～岁年龄组内男女学生营养不良检出率差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),各年龄组学生的营养不良检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.382,P<0.05),以12.5～14.0岁组学生营养不良检出率最高;男学生氟斑牙总检出率高于女学生(P>0.05),各年龄组内男女学生氟斑牙检出率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),各年龄组间学生的氟斑牙检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.859,P<0.05);患氟斑牙学生的营养不良检出率高于正常学生(P<0.05),各年龄组患氟斑牙学生与正常学生间营养不良检出率的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);贵州省西部地氟病区学生营养不良检出率明显高于贵州省及全国水平(P<0.001)。结论:贵州省西部地氟病地区8～14岁农村小学生营养不良状况较严重,患氟斑牙学生更易发生营养不良。
Objective: To investigate the malnutrition and dental fluorosis of students aged 8～14 years old in the area of coal-burning fluorosis in western Guizhou, and to provide the basis for the healthy growth and intervention measures of the students in the area of endemic fluorine disease. Methods: The height and weight of students aged 8～14 years old in Bijie, Shuicheng and Liuzhi areas of Guizhou Province were measured according to the equipment and method stipulated in GB/T 26343. Malnutrition was evaluated by the screening criteria for malnutrition of school-age children and adolescents(WS/T-456-2014). The severity of dental fluorosis was classified according to Dean's classification. Results: Among the 481 students surveyed, the overall malnutrition detection rate of male students(45.19%) was significantly higher than that of female students(34.71%)(χ~2=5.504,P<0.05). The total detection rate of malnutrition was 39.92%. There was significant difference in the detection rate of malnutrition among students of different age groups(χ~2=8.382,P<0.05). The total detection rate of dental fluorosis was 66.95% in boys and 63.22% in girls. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of dental fluorosis between boys and girls(χ~2=0.733,P>0.05). The total detection rate of dental fluorosis was 65.07%. There was significant difference in the detection rate of dental fluorosis among students of different age groups(χ~2=7.859,P<0.05). The prevalence of malnutrition in dental fluorosis group(43.45%) was significantly higher than that in normal group(33.33%)(P<0.001), and compared with the reported data, the prevalence rate of malnutrition in dental fluorosis group was significantly higher than that in Guizhou province and the whole country(P<0.05), and the prevalence rate of malnutrition in dental fluorosis group was significantly higher than that in Guizhou province and China(P<0.05), and the prevalence rate of malnutrition in dental fluorosis group was significantly higher than that in Guizhou province and China. Conclusion: Malnutrition is still serious among students aged 8～14-years old in the area of fluoride disease in western Guizhou, and boys and students with fluorosis are more likely to suffer from malnutrition.

关键词(KeyWords)： 儿童;营养不良;消瘦;生长迟缓;地氟病;氟斑牙
child;malnutrition;stunting;wasting;endemic fluorosis;dental fluorosis

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(31560306,U1812403);; 贵州省科技计划项目[黔科合支撑(2019)2807]

作者(Author): 喻艳琴,张秀秀,田薇,李鸣,李福成,张婷,官志忠,何燕,吴昌学
YU Yanqin,ZHANG Xiuxiu,TIAN Wei,LI Ming,LI Fucheng,ZHANG Ting,GUAN Zhizhong,HE Yan,WU Changxue

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2020.01.003

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