刘磊,周长荣,温小军
LIU Lei,ZHOU Changrong,WEN Xiaojun

• 1:贵州医科大学
• 2:贵州医科大学生物教研室

摘要(Abstract)：

目的:了解八角茴香、樟树叶、花椒3种不同植物挥发油对白纹伊蚊、致倦库蚊的驱避效果。方法:水蒸气蒸馏法提取的3种植物挥发油稀释为2%、5%及10%3种浓度,分别喷洒小鼠全身,记录3 h内白纹伊蚊、致倦库蚊在小鼠身上的停留数量,观察不同浓度和不同植物油的驱蚊效果;选取3种驱蚊效果最佳浓度挥发油两两复方混配(2∶1、1∶2),观察混配复方植物挥发油的驱蚊效果。结果:对白蚊伊蚊及致倦库蚊有效驱避率的3种植物挥发油的浓度依次为10%>5%>2%,两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在10%浓度对两种蚊虫驱避效果最佳的是樟树叶和花椒;不同混配复方对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊均有明显的有效驱避效果,不同混配复方驱避效果相当(P>0.05),但白纹伊蚊驱蚊和致倦库蚊驱避作用最佳的混配复方植物挥发油是1∶2的樟树叶与八角茴香复方,有效驱避率高于单方。结论:复方混配植物挥发油对白纹伊蚊及致倦库蚊的驱避效果好。
Objective: To investigate the repellent effects of essential oil extracted from star anise( A),Camphor leaves( B) and Sichuan peppers( C) against Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. Method: Essential oil of three kinds of plants were extracted and diluted into three different concentrations,2%,5% and 10%,and sprayed on lab mouse. Then,the repellent activity of essential oils was compared by observing the number of mosquitoes stayed on mouse in three hours.Then,three best concentrations of essential oil were selected to mix arbitrary two essential oils( 2∶ 1,1∶ 2) and repelling effects of mixture were observed. Results: The effective rate of three different plants' volatile oil against Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus were 10%,5% and 2%( 10% > 5% > 2%),differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 05); The best mosquito-repelling effect for Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in 10% concentration were B and C;different compound formulas all had obvious mosquito-repelling effect,their mosquito-repelling effect were similar( P > 0. 05); but the best mosquito-repelling effect for Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus of compound formula was A and B( 1∶ 2),and it's mosquito-repelling effect was better than single one. Conclusions: The mixture of essential oil has good effect to repel Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus.

关键词(KeyWords)： 白纹伊蚊;致倦库蚊;植物挥发油;有效保护率;复方
Aedes albopictus;Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus;plant essential oils;effective protection rate;compound

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 贵州省科技厅联合基金(No:M2012-35);; 贵州省卫生厅基金(No:99E110112)

作者(Author): 刘磊,周长荣,温小军
LIU Lei,ZHOU Changrong,WEN Xiaojun

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2015.07.010

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