罗娜,李任之,刘平,严万森
LUO Na,LI Renzhi,LIU Ping,YAN Wansen

• 1:贵州医科大学医学人文学院

摘要(Abstract)：

目的 探讨老年人双向社会支持和自尊与轻生意念的关系。方法 采用双向社会支持量表、自尊量表、轻生意念量表对重庆、贵阳、珠海等地的340名60岁以上的老年人进行问卷调查，分析老年人的双向社会支持与轻生意念的关系，分析自尊在双向社会支持与轻生意念关系中的中介作用。结果 男性老年人的双向社会支持(t=15.713,P <0.001)和轻生意念(t=7.295,P <0.001)得分高于女性;已婚老年人在双向社会支持(F=28.545,P <0.001)和自尊(F=7.176,P <0.001)上得分高于其他组，在轻生意念(F=21.637,P <0.001)上低于其他组;与子女居住的老年人在双向社会支持(F=5.375,P <0.001)和自尊(F=3.974,P <0.05)上得分与独居相近但低于其他组，轻生意念(F=7.502,P <0.001)的得分高于其他组;身体状况良好的老年人在双向社会支持(F=7.276,P <0.001)、自尊(F=5.149,P <0.001)上得分高于身体状况不好组，轻生意念(F=3.358,P <0.001)得分则低于身体状况不好组;控制性别、文化程度、婚姻状况等人口学变量后，双向社会支持(r=-0.597,P <0.001)、自尊(r=-0.441,P <0.001)与轻生意念存在负相关;分层回归分析显示，双向社会支持对轻生意念具有负向预测作用(β=-0.633,P <0.001)，双向社会支持对轻生意念的直接效应值为-0.532(P <0.001)，占总效应的84%;自尊对轻生意念同样具有负向预测作用(β=-0.18,P <0.001)，在双向社会支持与轻生意念之间的中介效应值为-0.101(P <0.001)，占总效应的16%。结论 老年人的轻生意念与双向社会支持、自尊关系密切。
Objective To explore the association of two-way social support and self-esteem with suicidal ideation of the elderly. Methods Two-way social support scale,self-esteem scale and suicidal ideation scale were applied to survey 340 elderly persons over 60 years old in Chongqing,Guiyang,and Zhuhai. The relationship between two-way social support and suicide ideation of elderly people were analyzed. The mediation role of self-esteem in the relationship between two-way social support and suicide ideation was explored. Results The scores of two-way social support( t =15. 713,P < 0. 001) and suicide ideation( t = 7. 295,P < 0. 001) in elderly males were higher than those in elderly females. The scores of two-way social support( F = 28. 545,P < 0. 001) and selfesteem( F = 7. 176,P < 0. 001) were higher in married elderly people than those in other groups,while their suicide ideation scores( F = 21. 637,P < 0. 001) were lower than those of other groups.The scores of two-way social support( F = 5. 375,P < 0. 001) and self-esteem( F = 3. 974,P < 0. 05)of the elderly who lived with their children were similar to those who lived alone but lower than those in other groups,while their suicide ideation scores were higher than those in other groups( F = 7. 502,P < 0. 001). The scores of two-way social support( F = 7. 276,P < 0. 001) and self-esteem( F =5. 149,P < 0. 001) of the elderly in good physical condition were higher than those in poor physical condition,while their scores suicide ideation were lower than those in poor physical condition( F =3. 358,P < 0. 001). After adjusting demographic variables such as gender,education level and marital status,two-way social support and self-esteem were negatively correlated with suicide ideation( r =-0. 597,P < 0. 001; r =-0. 441,P < 0. 001,respectively). Hierarchical regression analysis shows that two-way social support had a negative predictive effect on suicide ideation( β =-0. 633,P < 0. 001),and the direct effect of two-way social support on suicide ideation was-0. 532( P <0. 001),accounting for 84% of the total effect. Self-esteem also had a negative predictive effect on suicide ideation( β =-0. 18,P < 0. 001),the mediation effect between two-way social support and suicide ideation was-0. 101( P < 0. 001),accounting for 16% of the total effect. Conclusion The elderly's suicidal ideation is closely related to two-way social support and self-esteem.

关键词(KeyWords)： 老年人;双向社会支持;自尊;轻生意念;应激-易感模型;社会联结理论
the elderly;two-way social support;self-esteem;suicidal ideation;stress susceptibility model;social connectedness theory

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(32060195)

作者(Author): 罗娜,李任之,刘平,严万森
LUO Na,LI Renzhi,LIU Ping,YAN Wansen

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.2096-8388.2023.02.005

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