李梦然,李兵,秦倩,李露,庹安写
LI Mengran,LI Bing,QIN Qian,LI Lu,TUO Anxie

• 1:贵州医科大学医学人文学院
• 2:贵州大学外国语学院
• 3:北京师范大学心理学部

摘要(Abstract)：

目的:分析1 381名中学生应对方式与一般自我效能感的现状及关系。方法:采用问卷法对黔东南1 381名普通中学生的性别、年龄、民族、户籍、是否独生子女等人口学特征,以及学习成绩、与同学关系、监护人信息等进行调查,分析一般自我效能感与应对方式的关系及两者在性别、成绩和年级等变量上的分布差异,并对可能影响应对方式的因素进行探索。结果:男生在一般自我效能感(t=9418,P<001)、问题解决(t=2035,P<005)及逃避(t=2966,P<001)上显著高于女生,而女生在寻求社会支持(t=-3314,P<001)上显著高于男生,男女生差异均有统计学意义(P<005);在指向情绪的应对上高中生得分显著高于初中生(t=4925,P<001);成绩越好,一般自我效能感得分越高,且指向问题的应对得分越高,指向情绪的应对的得分越低,差异均有统计学意义(P<001);中学生一般自我效能感与指向问题的应对及各组成因子均存在显著相关,相关系数具有统计学意义(P<001);一般自我效能感、性别、与同学关系、是否独子、成绩等因素能够显著预测指向问题的应对方式(F=49833,R~2=0150,P<0001),成绩情况、是否独子、与同学关系、户籍等因素能够显著预测指向情绪的应对方式(F=11590,R~2=0033,P<0001)。结论:中学生更倾向于采用指向问题的应对方式,一般自我效能感、性别、与同学关系、是否独子、成绩、户籍等因素能够影响中学生应对方式的选择。
Objective: To analyze the relationship between coping style and general self-efficacy of middle school students.Methods: A questionnaire survey was applied to investigate the general selfefficacy and coping style of 1381 ordinary middle school students in Southeast Guizhou, China. The correlation between general self-efficacy and coping styles were analyzed, and the variables such as gender, the one-child. Their household registration of distribution difference between both aspects were detected so as to explore the factors that may affect coping styles.Results: Boy students were significantly higher than girl students in general self-efficacy(t= 9.418,P< 0. 01), problem solving(t= 2.035,P< 0. 05), and evasion(t= 2.966,P< 0. 01), while girls seek more social support(t=-3.314,P< 0. 01) than boys, and the difference was statistically significant(P< 0. 05). The coping scores with emotion of senior students were significantly higher than that of junior students(t=4.925,P< 0. 01). The better the school records, the higher the general self-efficacy scores,the higher the coping scores with problems and the lower the coping scores with emotions, and the differences were statistically significant(P< 0. 01). There were significant correlations between the general self-efficacy of middle school students and their response to the pointing problem and eachcomponent factor as well. The correlation coefficient was statistically significant(P< 0. 01). Thefactors such as general self-efficacy, gender, relationship with classmates, whether an only child ornot, and school records can significantly predict coping style of problems(F= 49.833,R~2= 0.15,P< 0. 001), while the factors such as school records, whether a single child or not, relationship withclassmates, and household registration can significantly predict coping style of emotions(F= 11.590,R~2= 0.033,P< 0. 001).Conclusion: Middle school students are more inclined to adopt problem-solving coping style. The factors such as general self-efficacy, gender, relationship with classmates,whether a single child or not, school records and household registration can affect the choice of copingstyle of middle school students.

关键词(KeyWords)： 中学生;自我效能感;应对方式;成绩;关系;影响因素
middle school students;self-efficacy;coping style;school records;relationship;influence factors

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(2017JJD19003)

作者(Author): 李梦然,李兵,秦倩,李露,庹安写
LI Mengran,LI Bing,QIN Qian,LI Lu,TUO Anxie

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2020.02.013

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