李君,陈茂琼,陈晓霞
LI Jun,CHEN Maoqiong,CHEN Xiaoxia

• 1:贵州医科大学
• 2:贵州医科大学附院

摘要(Abstract)：

目的:探讨新生儿医院内感染常见病原菌、感染部位及高危因素。方法:收集初生婴儿重症室(NICU)病房4 939例新生儿的出生体质量、胎龄、感染的病原菌、感染部位、机械通气、静脉营养、抗生素使用及住院时间等资料,根据是否有院内感染分为感染组118例和非感染组4 821例;观察新生儿医院内感染发生率、感染部位、病原菌及发生医院内感染的高危因素。结果:新生儿医院内感染发生率为239%(118/4 939),感染部位前3位依次呼吸道46例(3802%)、消化道20例(2975%)及血液27例(2231%);118例医院内感染患儿病原菌检查阳性率5678%(67/118),病原菌前3位依次大肠埃希菌26例、肺炎克雷伯菌16例及真菌6例;胎龄、住院时间、机械通气、静脉营养、医院感染前抗生素使用及留置PICC管时比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0001)。结论:胎龄、住院时间、机械通气、静脉营养、医院感染前抗生素使用及留置PICC管是医院内感染的独立危险因素。
Objective: To investigate the common pathogens, infection sites and high risk factors of neonatal nosocomial infection and to provide its prevention and treatment strategies.Methods: The clinical data of 4939 neonates treated in Neonatal ICU of Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from May 2015 to April 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The baseline date of the neonates were observed such as birth weight, gestational age, distribution of pathogens, infection sites,mechanical ventilation, intravenous nutrition, time of use of antibiotics and hospitalization duration.118 cases with nosocomial infection served as the infection group and other 4821 cases as the noninfection group.SPSS22. 0 was used for analysis,X-test or rank sum test for data calculation, and Logisticregression analysis for multivariate analysis. The difference was statistically significant(P<0 H05).Results: The infection rate(118/4 939) was 2. 39%; The positive rate of pathogenic bacteria examination in 118 neonates with nosocomial infection was 56. 78%, The predominant pathogens were Escherichia col(26 cases) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, 16 cases)and fungal(6 cases). There were 46(38. 02%) cases with respiratory diseases, followed by digestive tract(36 cases, 29.75%) and blood(27 cases, 22.31%). The infection group and non-infection group had significant difference in the gestational age, birth weight, hospitalization duration, mechanical ventilation,intravenous nutrition, the use of antibiotics before infection,and peripherally inserted central catheter. The difference was significant(P< 0. 001).Conclusion: Gestational age, hospitalization duration, mechanical ventilation, intravenous nutrition, the use of antibiotics before infection, and peripherally inserted central catheter are risk factors for nosocomial infection.

关键词(KeyWords)： 新生儿护理;感染;病原;危险因素;身体部位;发生率
neonatal nursing;infection;noxae;risk factors;body regions;incidence rate

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 贵州省科学技术厅学术新苗培养及创新探索专项[黔科合平台人才(2017)5718]

作者(Author): 李君,陈茂琼,陈晓霞
LI Jun,CHEN Maoqiong,CHEN Xiaoxia

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2020.02.023

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