黄久浪,李斌,陈茂琼,陈晓霞
HUANG Jiulang,LI Bin,CHEN Maoqiong,CHEN Xiaoxia

• 1:贵州医科大学附院新生儿科
• 2:内江市威远县人民医院儿科

摘要(Abstract)：

目的:监测早产儿出生时、住院期间及婴幼儿期体格发育指标,探讨早产儿宫内、外发育迟缓的发生率。方法:选择新生儿科收治、出院后随访至校正年龄3岁的早产儿145例,出生时胎龄<34周为早期早产儿(EPI)组,34周≤胎龄<37周为晚期早产儿(LPI)组;监测两组早产儿出生时、住院期间、出院后随访至校正年龄3岁期间的体格发育指标,比较两组宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)、宫外发育迟缓(EUGR)以及婴幼儿期体格发育迟缓的发生率。结果:EPI组和LPI组患儿的性别、主要基础疾病(新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、新生儿败血症、新生儿窒息)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);145例早产儿以出生体重、头围、身长为评价指标,IUGR发生率分别为20.0%、24.8%及48.3%,LPI组高于EPI组(P<0.05);145例早产儿以纠正胎龄40周体重、头围、身长为评价指标,EUGR发生率分别53.8%、35.9%及33.1%,LPI组头围评价高于EPI组(P<0.05);以体重、头围、身长为评价指标,婴儿期6月、12月及36月时体格发育迟缓发生率分别为56.8%、49.6%、51.2%,43.5%、42.6%、39.8%,30.2%、40.6%及32.3%;6月龄时,以身长为评价指标EPI组高于LPI组(P<0.05);12月龄时,以头围为评价指标EPI组高于LPI(P<0.05);36月龄时,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:LPI患儿生长潜能优于EPI,纠正年龄6月龄是体格发育迟缓的高峰。
Objective: To investigate the incidence rate of intrauterine and extrauterine physical development retardation by monitoring the physical development index in preterm neonates at the time they were born,during hospitalization and at infant period and toddler's age. Methods: 145 neonates were cured and were followed-up to correct age of 3 years old after discharge. The research were divided into early preterm infant(EPI) group(gestational age < 34 weeks),late preterm infant(LPI)group(34 weeks≤gestational age < 37weeks). To monitor both groups for physical indicators in birth,hospitalization,follow-up after discharge to correct age 3 years old. To evaluate incidence rate of intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR),extrauterine growth restriction(EUGR) and physical retardation in infant period and toddler's age. Results: Comparison of gender and basic diseases(NRDS,neonatal sepsis and neonatal asphyxia) showed no statistical significance(P > 0. 05). Birth weight,head circumference and height of 145 preterm neonates were evaluation indexes. Incidence rate of IUGR were20. 0%,24. 8% and 48. 3%; LPI group was higher than EPI group was 5. 1%,14. 1%,23. 1%. The incidence of IUGR in LPI group was obviously higher than EPI group(P < 0. 05). 145 preterm neonates were evaluated by corrected gestational age of 40 weeks with weight,head circumference and height,incidence rate of EUGR were 53. 8%,35. 9% and 33. 1%. Head circumference of LPI group was higher than EPI group(P < 0. 05). Adopting weight,head circumference and height as evaluation indexes,physical development retardation of 6thmonth,12 thmonth and 36 thmonth were 56. 8%,49. 6%,51. 2%,43. 5%,42. 6%,39. 8%,30. 2%,40. 6% and 32. 3%. At 6thmonth,judging by height,LPI group was lower than EPI group(P < 0. 05); at 12 thmonth,judging by head circumference,LPI group was lower than EPI group(P < 0. 05); at 36 thmonth,differences of both groups were not statistically significant(P > 0. 05). Conclusions: Growth potential in LPI is better than EPI. The peak of physical retardation is during 6 month.

关键词(KeyWords)： 早产儿;胎龄;宫内发育迟缓;宫外发育迟缓;体重;头围;身长
preterm neonate;gestational age;intrauterine growth retardation;extrauterine growth retardation;weight;head circumference;body length

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 贵州省科技厅科学技术基金[黔科合LG字(2012)052号]

作者(Author): 黄久浪,李斌,陈茂琼,陈晓霞
HUANG Jiulang,LI Bin,CHEN Maoqiong,CHEN Xiaoxia

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2017.05.017

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