夏梓红,李光林,关福琴,鲁永辉,王秀荣,崔峻
Xia Zhihong,et al, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Institute

• 1:贵阳市妇幼保健研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

目的：为了解和评价贵阳市８～１２岁儿童气质特点及类型分布，对４７２名儿童进行测查。方法：按整群随机抽样原则，选用Ｍ＜ＴＱ量表，计算９个气质维度分，并将气质分为五种类型，ＳＰＳＳ／ＰＣ＋软包进行统计学处理。结果：问卷合格率９８３３％，男童活动性、预测性、适应性、持久性得分明显高于女童（Ｐ＜００１或Ｐ＜００５），随着年龄增长，活动水平降低，预测性升高（Ｐ＜００５），气质类型Ｅ、Ｄ、Ｓ、Ｉ—Ｄ和Ｉ—Ｅ各占２７３３％、１３１４％、６５７％、１３７７％和３９１９％。结论：８～１２岁儿童气质有明显性别和年龄差异，与社会环境因素的作用随着儿童年龄的增长影响逐渐增强有关，Ｅ型低于全国资料，而Ｄ型和Ｉ－Ｄ高于全国（Ｐ＜０００１），其原因有待进一步探讨。
Objection: In order to know and evaluate the feature and the distribution of temperament types of children aged 8～12 in our city,472 children were questioned. Method: The sampling principle is random cluster sample. All the children were inquired with MCTQ questionnaire. According to the grades of nine dimension of temperament analyged with spss/pc + software, the temperament was chassified into five types.Results: The qualified questionnaire rate was 98.33% and the grades of activity、predicting、adepting and continuing of boys were much higher than those of girls (P<0 01 or P<0 05). With the increase of boys' age, the level of activity declined and the ability of predicting rised (P<0 05) The ratios of type E、D、S、I D and I E were 27 33%、13 14%、6 57%、13 77% and 39.19% respectively. Conclusion: There were obvious difference of temperament of children aged 8～12, relating to the influence of social and enviorment factors, which become stronger gradually with the increse of chilren's age. The rate of type E was lower in our city than that of the state level, the ratios type D and I D were higher in our sample than that of the state level(P<0 001). The reasons for this needs further research.

关键词(KeyWords)： 儿童,儿童心理学,儿童行为
child; child psychology; child behavior

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 夏梓红,李光林,关福琴,鲁永辉,王秀荣,崔峻
Xia Zhihong,et al, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Institute

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DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.1999.02.017

参考文献(References)：

• 1张劲松北京市3～7岁儿童气质特点及类型探讨中国心理卫生杂志，1995，9（6）：2412周胜利2～3岁儿童气质、环境因素与儿童行为的相互影响中国心理卫生杂志，1992，6（4）：160～1633洪琦等8～12岁儿童气质量表的修订和标准化中华儿童保健杂志，1996，4（3）：129

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