黄悦;苏敏;胡蓉;李红;
HUANG Yue,SU Min,HU Rong,LI Hong(Department of Histology and Embryology,Guiyang Medical College,Guiyang 550004,China)

• 1:贵阳医学院组织学与胚胎学教研室
• 2:第三军医大学在读博士
• 3:贵阳医学院组织学与胚胎学教研室
• 4:贵阳医学院组织学与胚胎学教研室

摘要(Abstract)：

目的:探讨人胎腭扁桃体的组织发生。方法:用HE染色显示30例人胎腭扁桃体的组织结构。结果:(1)9周,人胎腭扁桃体原基黏膜表面上皮薄,其下方的间充质内出现淋巴细胞。10周,出现早期隐窝。12周,隐窝出现分支,固有层结缔组织内可见高内皮微静脉(HEVs);(2)14周,固有层内淋巴细胞显著增多,形成弥散淋巴组织和初级淋巴小结,与此同时,隐窝上皮内可见淋巴细胞浸润,HEVs管壁内见迁移中的淋巴细胞。17周起,淋巴组织随胎龄增加而逐渐增多,小结内始终未见生发中心;(3)25周,隐窝上皮表层可见少量M细胞。结论:(1)9周时人胎腭扁桃体原基内已有淋巴细胞迁入,14周时固有层内出现淋巴小结;(2)10周时隐窝形成,14周时淋巴细胞开始浸润到隐窝上皮内,25周时隐窝上皮内出现M细胞。(3)12周时固有层内始见HEVs,至14周淋巴细胞经HEVs管壁迁移。
Objective: To study the histogenesis of the human fetal palatine tonsil.Methods: Thirty human fetuses aged 9 to 28 gestational weeks(g.w) were collected. The morphological characteristics of palatine tonsil were observed with slices stained by hematoxylin and eosin(H-E) staining.Results:(1)At the 9th g.w,the epithelium of mucous membrane in the anlage of palatine tonsil was thin,and there were rare lymphocytes in the mesenchyme under the epithelium.At the 10th g.w,the tonsillar crypts of earlier period emerged.At the 12th g.w,the crypts branched and high endothelial venules(HEVs) appeared in the lamina propria.(2)At the 14th g.w,lymphocytes increased obviously in the lamina propria,which formed diffused lymphoid tissue and primary lymphoid nodule.At the same time,a few lymphocytes infiltrated into the epithelium of the crypt and lymphocytes began to migrate through the wall of HEVs into lymphoid tissue.From the beginning of 17th g.w,the lymphoid tissue increased gradually with fetal age growing.(3) At the 25th g.w,microfold cells(M cells) emerged in the surface layer of the crypt epithelium.Conclusions:(1) Lymphocytes emerge in the anlage of palatine tonsil at the 9th g.w,and the lymphoid nodule form at the 14th g.w;(2) The tonsillar crypt form at the 10th g.w,lymphocytes begin to infiltrate into the epithelium of crypt at the 14th g.w,and M cells emerge at the 25th g.w.(3) At the 12th g.w,there will be HEVs in the lamina propria,and lymphocytes migrate through the wall of HEVs into lymphoid tissue at the 14th g.w.

关键词(KeyWords)： 腭;扁桃体;胚胎;人;组织学;组织发生
palate;tonsil;embryo;persons;histology;histogenesis

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 贵州省教委资助课题(黔教科2002116)

作者(Author): 黄悦;苏敏;胡蓉;李红;
HUANG Yue,SU Min,HU Rong,LI Hong(Department of Histology and Embryology,Guiyang Medical College,Guiyang 550004,China)

Email:

DOI: 10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2007.05.018

参考文献(References)：

• [1]张涛,董震,杨占泉.腭扁桃体的免疫功能研究进展[J].国外医学耳鼻咽喉科学分册,1998(5):268-271.
• [2]王成硕、董震、杨占泉.腭扁桃体中β-防御素的表达及意义[J].临床耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2004(3):129-131.
• [3]谷华运.中国人胚发育时序和畸胎预防[M].上海:医科大学出版社,1993:165.
• [4]刘斌,高茂英.人体胚胎学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1996:552.
• [5]成令忠,王一飞,钟翠平.组织胚胎学[M].上海:科学技术文献出版社,2003:172.
• [6]高英茂,徐昌芬.组织学与胚胎学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2003:446.
• [7]苏鸿禧、简荣.人胚腭扁桃体组织学观察[J].中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志,1980(3):129-132.
• [8]Khlystova ZS,Baryshev BB.Differentiation of the palatinetonsillar tissues of the human fetus[J].Arkh Anat GistolEmbriol,1979(12):59-63.
• [9]张健宁,郭仁强,周丽玲.人胎儿腭扁桃体隐窝上皮超微结构研究[J].解剖学报,1995(4):411-413.
• [10]张健宁,郭仁强.人腭扁桃体隐窝上皮内小血管的超微结构[J].解剖学报,1994(3):327-329.
• [11]von Gaudecker B.Development and functional anatomy ofthe human tonsilla palatina[J].Acta Otolaryngol Suppl,1988(454):28-32.
• [12]Holibka V.High-endothelial postcapillary venules in thefetal palatine tonsil[J].Acta Univ Palacki Olomuc FacMed,1991(130):61-70.
• [13]Holibka V.Lymphocyte migration through the wall ofpostcapillary venules in the fetal development of humanpalatine tonsil[J].Acta Univ Palacki Olomuc Fac Med,1991(130):71-86.
• [14]逯晓晖.人胚胎免疫器官中的T、B淋巴细胞和胸腺内分泌功能的发生[J].国外医学免疫学分册,2004(4):241.
• [15]Patten BM.Human Embryology[J].2th ed.New York:Blakistion,1953:47.

文章评论(Comment)：